Paleogenomic study reveal the origin and expansion history of the woolly rhinoceros in Late Pleistocene

Paleogenomic study reveal the origin and expansion history of the woolly rhinoceros in Late Pleistocene Тезисы доклада

Конференция

International Symposium on Biomolecular Archaeology
26-29 авг. 2025 , Turin

Сборник

Abstract book of the 11th International Symposium on Biomolecular Archaeology
Сборник, University of Turin. Turin.2025.

Вых. Данные

Год: 2025, Страницы: 99 Страниц : 1

Авторы

Lei X. ¹ , Liang X. ¹ , Zhou X. ¹ , Han Y. ¹ , Kozlikin M. ² , Vasiliev S. ² , Medvedev S. ³ , Kruskop S. ⁴ , Xing S. ⁵ , Wang T. ⁶ , Basova V. ⁷ , Ma L. ⁸ , Shunkov M. ² , Buzhilova A. ³ , Yu H. ¹

Организации

1	The State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences; Institute of Ecology, Peking University, Beijing, China
2	Institute of Archeology and Ethnography, The Siberian Branch of the RAS, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
3	Institute & Museum of Anthropology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
4	Zoological Museum, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
5	Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
6	Natural History Museum of China, Natural History Museum of China, Beijing, China
7	Vernadsky State Geological Museum, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian FederatioN
8	Quaternary Paleontology Fossil Museum of Qinggang, Quaternary Paleontology Fossil Museum of Qinggang, Suihua, China

The woolly rhinoceros (Coelodonta antiquitatis) was a representative megafauna species dominating the northern Eurasia during the Late Pleistocene. However, our knowledge about its expansion across Eurasia and population history during the glacial cycles are still scarce, with the only available genomes limited to northeastern Siberia. We reconstructed 22 mitochondrial genomes and 14 nuclear genomes (0.5-10.6X) from fossil specimens across East Asia, Central Asia, and Eastern Europe, dated to 141-18 ka. Based on phylogenetic and population structure analyses, we revealed an East Asian origin of all the Late Pleistocene woolly rhinoceroses, with one East Asian individual basal to all other woolly rhinoceroses, and an early split between other East Asian individuals and northern Eurasians. A ~120-105-thousand-year-old individual from the Denisova Cave is basal to all non-East Asian individuals, suggesting Central Asia as the crossroad of the Late Pleistocene expansion of the woolly rhinoceros out of East Asia. Taken together, we propose that Late Pleistocene woolly rhinoceroses were originated from East Asia, a potential climatic refugium during the Penultimate Glacial Period (Marine Isotope Stage 6, ~191 -130 ka). From the Eemian Interglacial Period (Marine Isotope Stage 5e, ~130-115 ka), the woolly rhinoceros migrated north to Central Asia, and eventually expanded across Europe and northeastern Siberia.

Lei X. , Liang X. , Zhou X. , Han Y. , Kozlikin M. , Vasiliev S. , Medvedev S. , Kruskop S. , Xing S. , Wang T. , Basova V. , Ma L. , Shunkov M. , Buzhilova A. , Yu H.
Paleogenomic study reveal the origin and expansion history of the woolly rhinoceros in Late Pleistocene
В сборнике Abstract book of the 11th International Symposium on Biomolecular Archaeology. – University of Turin., 2025. – C.99.

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